East Asian Summer Monsoon (EASM) index (Zhang et al., 2003): MODES forecast --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Observation (NECP-I) 2017Nov -1.26 2017Dec 0.06 2018Jan 0.29 2018Feb -0.20 2018Mar 2.16 2018Apr -0.11 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prediction (MODES) --------------------------------------------------------------------------- * BCC CFS EC 2018May -0.48 -0.91 -0.10 2018Jun 0.85 -0.22 1.48 2018Jul 1.64 0.85 1.88 2018Aug -0.64 -0.00 1.26 2018Sep 0.44 0.07 1.06 2018Oct -0.12 0.11 -0.25 2018Nov 0.25 0.80 0.20